J. G. Machen on the Bible: Christianity vs. Liberalism

The February 2023 issue of Tabletalk features articles commemorating the 100th anniversary of J. Gresham Machen’s classic defense of historic Christianity, Christianity and Liberalism (Macmillan, 1923).

Editor Burk Parsons has some opening thoughts on this great conflict and Machen’s place in it in his article “Liberalism: A Different Religion”:

This year marks one hundred years since the publication of Christianity and Liberalism by J. Gresham Machen (1881–1937). Machen was a professor at Princeton Theological Seminary from 1906 to 1929, when he left to help establish Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia, where he was professor of New Testament until his death. Machen was instrumental in the founding of what later became known as the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. He is one of the most important, but lesser-known, Christian figures of the twentieth century, and it would be difficult to overstate the significance of his classic work. In Christianity and Liberalism, Machen took a valiant and unwavering stance by drawing a sharp contrast between true, biblical Christianity (as summarized by the church’s historic creeds and confessions) and liberalism, demonstrating that liberalism is an altogether different religion from Christianity. While some chose not to enter the fray, Machen confidently and charitably fought to maintain the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace in the one, true church of Jesus Christ.

David B. Garner has a fine article on how the Bible as God’s authoritative Word was at the center of this battle against modernist Protestantism in the early 20th century. After laying out the nature of the battle, Garner writes this in closing:

“Armed with the divine Word, Machen spoke with keen insight, sincere compassion, and disarming clarity. He challenged liberalism’s dogmas: its repudiation of the supernatural, its sinful decimation of sin, its arrogant bluster over the ultimate goodness of mankind, its perverse eclipse of historic theology behind a mirage of heartwarming tolerance, and its crafty turning of Jesus into a guru rather than God. Rather than Rome’s magisterial authority, the reigning voice of the day was theological liberalism, “founded upon the shifting emotions of sinful men.”

“With their feet planted in the shifting sands of sentiment, the mainline denominations celebrated their newfound freedom: Since the Bible is a man-made book, we can interpret it as we want. We can be free from the biblical definitions of sin and salvation, from the shackles of ancient dogmas. Orthodox doctrine is passé; in this new age, we know better.

“J. Gresham Machen was sure that they didn’t. And out of zeal for the glory of God, he stood up to expose the darkness with the light of truth:

Let us not deceive ourselves. A Jewish teacher of the first century can never satisfy the longing of our souls. Clothe Him with all the art of modern research, throw upon Him the warm, deceptive calcium-light of modern sentimentality; and despite it all common sense will come to its rights again, and for our brief hour of self-deception—as though we had been with Jesus—will wreak havoc upon us the revenge of hopeless disillusionment.

“The liberals believed that they found freedom. Machen demurred: “Emancipation from the blessed will of God always involves bondage to some worse taskmaster.”

“The God-given vitality that comes by resting wholly in Scripture, even when accused of stodgy closed-mindedness, ignited Machen and should warm the heart of every believer:

Let it not be said that dependence upon a book is a dead or artificial thing. The Reformation of the sixteenth century was founded upon the authority of the Bible, yet it set the world aflame. Dependence upon a word of man would be slavish, but dependence upon God’s word is life. Dark and gloomy would be the world, if we were left to our own devices, and had no blessed Word of God. The Bible, to the Christian is not a burdensome law, but the very Magna Charta of Christian liberty.

“In that liberty, Machen stood securely, and in that liberty, every Christian delights. For the one who feasts on God’s Word day and night will be the one who withstands the storms and bears fruit (Ps. 1).”

To read more on this controversy in this issue, visit this page.

Faith PRC Is 50 Years Old Today (1973-2023)!

Today, February 22, 2023 marks the 50th anniversary of the organization of Faith PRC in Jenison, MI, of which my wife and I are members. This coming Sunday she will celebrate the event, as this announcement placed in this past Sunday’s bulletin notes:

Faith PRC Anniversary: February 22, 2023 marks the official 50th anniversary of the organization of Faith PRC. We are grateful for God’s covenant faithfulness to us as a congregation over these 50 years. During that time, we have been greatly blessed with faithful preaching of the Word and a strong communion of the saints. The Council is planning a time for fellowship and reminiscing after the morning service of February 26 in the fellowship room. Many pictures will be displayed and you are encouraged to bring your stories to share.

Here are a few items from the PRC archives related to Faith’s history and the dedication of her building six years later, in February of 1978.

First Sunday bulletin after organization (cover above and contents below)

Grand Rapids Press notice of the new church (Saturday, Feb.24, 1973)

Guard the Lord’s Day and Treasure Its Blessings

Last week, in connection with the world’s great sacrilege of God’s Sabbath Day, the Log College Press posted excerpts from two Presbyterians from the past under the heading, “Not ‘Superbowl’ Sunday, but the Lord’s Day, or the Christian Sabbath.” The first voice is that of Samuel Miller, who had this to say in connection with the best name for NT Christians to use for the first day of the week:

“First, let us hear Samuel Miller, the great defender of historic Presbyterianism from Princeton, who authored an 1836 article titled “The Most Suitable Name For the Christian Sabbath.” After addressing the objection of Quakers to the word “Sunday” (they believed the fourth commandment was abrogated and preferred to use the phrase “the first day of the week”), Miller turned his attention to the pagan origin of the term “Sunday.” After discussion of the history of the Christian observance of the first day of the week and its relationship to the Jewish Sabbath and the pagan Sunday, Miller sums up his position in a few succinct paragraphs:

We are now prepared to answer the question, “What name ought to be given to this weekly season of sacred rest, by us, at the present day?”

Sunday, we think, is not the most suitable name. It is, confessedly, of Pagan origin. This, however, alone, would not be sufficient to support our opinion. All the other days of the week are equally Pagan, and we are not prepared to plead any conscientious scruples about their use. Still it seems to be in itself desirable that not only a significant, but a scriptural name should be attached to that day which is divinely appointed; which is so important for keeping religion alive in our world; and which holds so conspicuous a place in the language of the Church of God. Besides, we have seen that the early Christians preferred a scriptural name, and seldom or never used the title of Sunday, excepting when they were addressing the heathen, who knew the day by no other name. For these reasons we regret that the name Sunday has ever obtained so much currency in the nomenclature of Christians, and would discourage its popular use as far as possible.

The Lord’s day, is a title which we would greatly prefer to every other. It is a name expressly given to the day by an inspired apostle. It is more expressive than any other title of its divine appointment; of the Lord’s propriety in it; and of its reference to his resurrection, his triumph, and the glory of his kingdom. And, what is in no small degree interesting, we know that this was the favourite title of early Christians; the title which has been habitually used, for a number of centuries, by the great majority both of the Romish and Protestant communions. Would that its restoration to the Christian Church, and to all Christian intercourse, could be universal!

The Sabbath, is the last title of which we shall speak. The objections made to this title by the early Christians no longer exist. We are no longer in danger of confounding the observance of the first day of the week with that of the seventh. Nor are we any longer in danger of being carried away by a fondness for Jewish rigour, in our plan for its sanctification. The fourth commandment still makes a part of the Decalogue. We teach it to our children as a rule still in force. It requires nothing austere, punctilious, or excessive; only that we, and all “within our gates,” abstain from servile labour, and consider the day as “hallowed,” or devoted to God. Whoever scrutinizes its contents will find no requisition in which all Christians are not substantially agreed; and no reason assigned for its observance which does not apply to Gentiles as well as Jews. As the first sabbath was so named as a memorial of God’s “rest” from the work of creation; so we may consider the Christian Sabbath as a memorial of the Saviour’s rest (if the expression may be allowed) from the labours, the sufferings, and the humiliation of the work of redemption. And, what is no less interesting, the apostle, in writing to the Hebrews, considers the Sabbath as an emblem and memorial of that eternal Sabbatism, or “rest which remaineth for the people of God.” Surely the name is a most appropriate and endeared one when we regard it in this connection! Surely when we bring this name to the test of either philological or theological principles, it is as suitable now, as it could have been under the old dispensation.

The second voice is that of Thomas L. Slater, a later Reformed Presbyterian minister, who also echoed Miller’s call for the use of the name “Lord’s Day” for the Sabbath (first day of the week). About his sentiments and those of a Presbyterian Church General Assembly, they write:

“Slater, like Miller, in the vein of Puritans before them who were sometimes known derisively as “Precisionists,” argued for expressions of thought grounded in Biblical principle, especially in a matter which Presbyterians of an earlier time viewed the importance of the Sabbath in its relation to both to the church and to civil society. It was not long before the first “Superbowl Sunday” was held in 1967 that the Presbyterian Church in the United States (PCUS) issued this relevant warning:

Let us beware brethren: As goes the Sabbath, so goes the church, as goes the church, so goes the nation [emphasis added]. Any people who neglect the duties and privileges of the Sabbath day soon lose the knowledge of true religion and become pagan. If men refuse to retain God in their knowledge; God declares that He will give them over to a reprobate mind. Both history and experience confirm this truth” (Minutes of the Sixty-First General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, A.D. 1948, p. 183).

And from my latest ‘easy’ read, Last Summer Boys (a well written historical novel set in the summer of 1968) comes this related excerpt about what used to be a regular part of American life:

Sunday morning our family piles into the Ford and Dad drives us into town for church.

New Shiloh Lutheran sits at the town’s edge, white wooden boards blazing in morning sun under a steeple that tilts like a scarecrow’s hat toward the ocean of corn that surrounds it. Wind moves among the stalks as we pull up, making waves that lap the walls of the church like water against the hull of a ship. And it reminds me how Pastor Fenton said one time the church was a ship: seas could swell and rise against it, but it could never sink, and neither would you so long as you kept inside it.

We pass under the steeple’s shadow, through the double doors, and into a creaky wooden pew. All around us, people fan themselves with paper song sheets so that the whole church seems full of giant white butterflies furiously flapping their wings.

Pastor Fenton reads a bit from the Bible and I try hard to listen close, but my button-down shirt clings to me like a second skin. Ma’s eyes flash John Thomas, stop your fidgeting or else, and that settles me long enough to catch some of Pastor Fenton’s sermon on redemption. With a voice that’s surprisingly powerful for how small a man he is, he tells us nobody is beyond God’s love, no matter what they’ve done, and thinking otherwise is a dangerous kind of pride.

Resting in the Sovereign LORD who is in His holy temple – Habakkuk 2:20

In the February 1, 2023 issue of the Standard Bearer, Rev. Ron Hanko (emeritus PRC pastor in Covenant of Grace PRC in Spokane, WA) has penned another edifying exposition of a part of Habakkuk, the latest minor prophet he is working his way through. In his seventh installment he focuses on verse 20 of chapter 2, though he is treating the entire section of chap.2:5-20. That 20th verse reads, “But the LORD is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him.”

This is part of what he has written on this passage with that focal point:

Now in 2:5-20, having reassured His people, God turns to the matter of Babylon’s wickedness, pronouncing five-fold woe on that evil nation.  Babylon, too, would be punished, and would be punished for laying Judah waste!  Her punishment would correspond to her crimes and would come for Babylon’s destruction of Jerusalem and the temple: “And I will render unto Babylon and to all the inhabitants of Chaldea all their evil that they have done in Zion in your sight, saith the LORD” (Jer. 51:24).

Babylon would suffer but Babylon’s judgment was not God’s main concern.  Judah had to see His glory and holiness as that of the LORD, the God of His people. And so the chapter ends with an assurance that God, even in His use of Babylon, is righteous and holy, through fire and water the God who keeps covenant and remembers mercy: “But the LORD is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him.”  God’s description of Babylon’s coming judgment is vivid and memorable, but the hope of seeing Babylon’s fall might not be the focus of God’s people.  The faithful must look to Him, trusting in His sovereignty and perfect holiness as the LORD, their covenant God.  Only then would they be able to live by their faith.  Their faith could not rest in the coming judgment of the nations, but in God Himself as the God of His people.

By the time God punished Babylon, Jerusalem would be destroyed and abandoned and the people for whom Habakkuk prophesied would be captives in Babylon.  The temple would be desolate and it would still be some years before God kept His promise to bring them back to their own land.  Many of those who believed God’s word through Habakkuk would not even live to see Babylon’s fall.  Yet God would still be in His holy temple, the covenant God and justifer of His people.

This has application to us.  We wonder what will happen to those who misuse and persecute God’s church and people.  That is not our first concern.  Our calling is not to wait for God’s judgment to come on those who trouble His church, or to delight in their downfall.  We can leave their punishment in His almighty hands, though we may be sure that He is “of purer eyes than to behold evil” and that He will always punish evildoers.  We must look in faith to Him, believing that even when His ways are not our ways, He is in His holy temple, enthroned in majesty and righteousness, far beyond our questioning or even our understanding, and always the LORD, Jehovah, who saves His own with an everlasting salvation.

Beautiful comfort for us, Jehovah’s precious church and people today. May we manifest that true faith that rests in Him in all of life’s trials and tribulations.

PRT Seminary Library Acquisitions – 4th Quarter 2022 (2)

At the end of December, I completed the fourth quarter list of significant book acquisitions to the PRC Seminary library for 2022. At their January 2023 meeting the TSC (Theological School Committee) received a copy for their information, and I also send it out to the faculty and students so that they can keep abreast of new resources.

But the list is of value to you too, in my estimation. As noted before, part of my reason for posting this list here is not only to show you the kind of books the seminary adds to its library, but also to stimulate you to find something to read and perhaps add to your home or church library. Yes, there are books here for the layman and laywoman, for the young adults and for teenagers – even children. Browse this list and perhaps you will find something of interest to you.

Once again we have divided the list into two parts. Last week I posted the initial four sections; in this post we finish with the final six (6) categories. It is my hope that you find something of interest to read yet this winter. It’s a great time to hunker down with a good read – something to strengthen your faith and fortify your walk with the Lord.

Dogmatics, Biblical Theology, Historical Theology

• Learning Theology with the Church Fathers. Christopher A. Hall. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, c2002.
• God and the Problem of Evil: Five Views. Chad V. Meister, editor; James K. Dew, Jr., editor; Phillip Cary, contributor. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2017 (Spectrum Multiview Books).
• Divine Impassibility: Four Views of God’s Emotions and Suffering. Robert J. Matz, editor; James E. Dolezal; Daniel Castelo. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2019 (Spectrum Multiview Books)
• Covenantal and Dispensational Theologies: Four Views on the Continuity of Scripture. Brent E. Parker, editor; Richard J. Lucas, editor. Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 2022 (Spectrum Multiview Books)
• Breath of God, Yet Work of Man: Scripture, Philosophy, Dialogue, and Conflict. Charles P. Schaum; Albert B. Collver, III; Lawrence R. Rast. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2019. (Lutheran perspective on doctrine of Scripture)
• The Covenant Idea in Ante-Nicene Theology. J. Ligon Duncan III. New College, UK: University of Edinburgh, 1995 (unpublished thesis).
• Foundations of Covenant Theology: A Biblical-Theological Study of Genesis 1-3. Lane G. Tipton. Philadelphia, PA: Reformed Forum, 2021.
• Historical Protestantism: An Historical Introduction to Protestant Theology. William A. Scott. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1971.
• The Battle for the Gospel: The Bible and the Reformation, 1444-1589. Marvin W. Anderson. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, c1978.
• Justification by Faith. Jean Calvin, 1509-1564; John Allen, Transl. [drawn from his ed. of the Institutes]; Matthew Barrett. Peterborough, Ont.: H&E Publishing, 2018.
• Free Justification: The Glorification of Christ in the Justification of a Sinner. Steve Fernandez. The Woodlands, TX: Kress Christian Publications, c2008.
• Calvinus Ecclesiae Doctor: Die Referate des Congráes International De Recherches Calviniennes … Vom 25. Bis 28. September 1978 in Amsterdam. Wilhelm H. Neuser; T. H. L. Parker; Ford Lewis. Battles. Kampen: J.H. Kok, 1978.
• The Legacy of John Calvin: Papers Presented at the 12th Colloquium of the Calvin Studies Society, April 22-24, 1999, Union Theological Seminary and Presbyterian School of Christian Education, Richmond, Virginia. David L. Foxgrover; Karin Maag; W. Fred Graham. Grand Rapids, MI: Calvin Studies Society, 2000.
• Before Jonathan Edwards: Sources of New England Theology. Adriaan Cornelis Neele. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019.
• The Mystery of the Cross (1988). Justification by Faith (1988). Understanding Jesus (1987 – 3 titles). Alister E. McGrath; James Atkinson, ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Academie Books, c1988.
• Christian Baptism: The Sign and Seal of God’s Covenant Promise. Bruce A. McDowell. God’s Word Publishing, 2017.
• Contours of the Kuyperian Tradition: A Systematic Introduction. Craig G. Bartholomew. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2017.
• Calvinism for a Secular Age: A Twenty-First-Century Reading of Abraham Kuyper’s Stone Lectures. Jessica R. Joustra, editor; Robert Joustra, editor; Richard J. Mouw. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2022.
• The Unknown Hour: Biblical Signs, Warnings, Hope, and Peace. Henry Vander Kam; Gaylord Haan; Jerome M. Julien. Grandville, MI: Reformed Fellowship, 2020.
• Petrus Van Mastricht (1630-1706): Text, Context, and Interpretation. Adriaan C. Neele, editor; Carl R. Trueman; Ryan M. McGraw. Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2020 (Reformed Historical Theology), vol. 62.
• Sola Fide: A Primer on Paul’s Doctrine of Justification in Romans. William C. Roach. Matthews, NC: Bastion Books, 2018.
• The Grace of the Gospel. Joel R. Beeke. Grand Rapids, MI: Reformation Heritage Books, 2022 (speeches from the 2021 Puritan Reformed Conference).
• Anglicanism: A Reformed Catholic Tradition. Gerald Lewis. Bray. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2021.
• Against Liberal Theology: Putting the Brakes on Progressive Christianity. Roger E. Olson. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2022.
• Calvinism: A Biblical and Theological Critique. David L. Allen, Ed.; Steve W. Lemke, Ed. Nashville, TN: B&H Publishing Group, 2022.
• On Earth as in Heaven: Theopolis Fundamentals. Peter J. Leithart. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2022.
• Christ, The Way: Augustine’s Theology of Wisdom. Benjamin T. Quinn. Bellingham, WA: Faithlife Corporation, 2022.
• The Thrill of Orthodoxy: Rediscovering the Adventure of Christian Faith. Trevin Wax; Kevin J. Vanhoozer. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Books, 2022.
• The Necessity of Christ’s Satisfaction: A Study of the Reformed Scholastic Theologians William Twisse (1578-1646) and John Owen (1616-1683). Joshua D. Schendel; Eddy Van der Borght. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2022 (Studies in Reformed Theology), vol. 45

Practical Theology (1) – Christian Living, Family, Marriage, Missions, Prayer

• Forgiveness: Discover the Power and Reality of Authentic Christian Forgiveness. Gary Inrig. Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House Publishers, c2005.
• Unpacking Forgiveness: Biblical Answers for Complex Questions and Deep Wounds. Chris Brauns. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 2008.
• Forgive: Why Should I And How Can I? Timothy Keller. New York: Viking, 2022.
• Submitting to One Another out of Reverence for Christ: Eight Sermons on Marriage and the Family. Peter G. Feenstra. Fergus, ON: Inter League Publication Board, c1996, 2007.
• The Unholy Trinity: Martin Luther Against the Idol of Me, Myself, and I. Michael A. Lockwood; Martin Luther, 1483-1546. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House, 2016.
• My God Is True!: Lessons Learned Along Cancer’s Dark Road. Paul D. Wolfe. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 2009.
• When the Stars Disappear: Help and Hope from Stories of Suffering in Scripture. Mark R. Talbot. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2020 (Suffering and the Christian Life), vol. 1
• History of the China Mission of the Reformed Church in the United States. William E. Hoy. Philadelphia: Board of Foreign Missions of the RCUS, c1914 (one of several books picked up from CRC missions library)
• The People of God in Reformed Missions: Papers Presented at the Second Reformed Missions Consultation Held April 4-6, 1977 at Geneva College, PA. Clarke. Copeland; Guy Oliver; Kenneth Smith. Beaver Falls, PA: 1977 (CRC missions library)
• Lay Workers in Evangelism and the Office of Evangelist: A Collation of Study Reports, Overtures and Synodical Decisions, 1914-1982. Christian Reformed Church; Richard De Ridder. Grand Rapids, MI: Calvin Theological Seminary, 1982 (from CRC missions library).
• The Christians of Korea. Samuel H. Moffett. New York: Friendship Press, 1962.
• The Emergence of a Mexican Church: The Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church of Mexico. James Erskine. Mitchell. South Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 1970 1982 (from CRC missions library).
• The Church as Evangelist. George E. (George Edgar) Sweazey, 1905-1992. San Francisco: Harper & Row, c1978. (from CRC missions library)
• New Wine and Old Wine Skins: The Christian Reformed Church’s Evangelism Through Church Growth Eyes. John Van Schepen. Salem, OR: Printmaster, 1989 (from CRC missions library).
• Grace in the Gulf: The Autobiography of Jeanette Boersma, Missionary Nurse in Iraq and the Sultanate of Oman. Jeanette Boersma; David. De Groot. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, c1991 (The Historical Series of the Reformed Church in America) vol. 20
• Protestant Church Growth in Korea. John T. Kim. Belleville, Ontario: Essence Publishing, c1996 (from CRC missions library)
• Reaching and Teaching: A Call to Great Commission Obedience. Michael David Sills. Chicago: Moody Publishers, c2010 (from CRC missions library)
• Reformed Mission in Southern Africa: The Way Forward. David J. Engelsma; Rob Van der Kooy; Naas Ferreira. Pretoria: GKSA Evangelisation Publications Fund, 2022.
• God Shines Forth: How the Nature of God Shapes and Drives the Mission of the Church. Daniel Hames.; Michael Reeves Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2022 (Union).
• Reactivity: How the Gospel Transforms Our Actions and Reactions. Paul David Tripp. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2022.
  
  
  
  Practical Theology (2) – Church Government/Leadership, Counseling, Pastoral Ministry, Preaching, Sermons, Worship
• The Modern Church: From the Dawn of the Reformation to the Eve of the Third Millennium. Glenn T. Miller. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1997.
• The Search for the Origins of Christian Worship: Sources and Methods for the Study of Early Liturgy. Paul F. Bradshaw. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
• A History of Contemporary Praise & Worship: Understanding the Ideas That Reshaped the Protestant Church. Lester Ruth; Lim Swee Hong. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2021.
• Meeting with God: A Study Guide to Abraham Kuyper’s Our Worship. Abraham Kuyper, 1837-1920; Michael R. Kearney. Grandville, MI: Reformed Fellowship, 2021.
• Een Geschiedenis van de Classis: Classicale Typen Tussen Idee en Werkelijkheid (1571-2004). Cornelis van den Broeke; Herman J. Selderhuis (series). Kampen: Kok, 2005. (Theologie en Geschiedenis).
• The Flourishing Pastor: Recovering the Lost Art of Shepherd Leadership. Tom Nelson; Chris Brooks. Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 2021.
• Beauty and Power of Biblical Exposition: Preaching the Literary Artistry and Genres of the Bible. Douglas Sean O’Donnell; Leland Ryken. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2022.
• In Service to the Church: Essays in Honor of Dr. Robert Paul Martin. Geoffrey Thomas; Robert P. Martin; Lamar Martin; Brian Borgman. Conway, AR: Free Grace Press, 2020.
• Bully Pulpit: Confronting the Problem of Spiritual Abuse in the Church. Michael J. Kruger. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2022.
• Sin and Grace in Christian Counseling: An Integrative Paradigm. Mark R. McMinn. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, c2008.

Misc. (Apologetics, Culture, History, Education, Music, Politics, Science, Work, World
Religions, etc.)

• Faith and Science in a Skeptical Age. Jesse Yow. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House, 2014.
• A World of Difference: Putting Christian Truth-Claims to the Worldview Test. Kenneth R. Samples. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, c2007.
• Christ and the Kingdoms of Men: Foundations of Political Life. David C. Innes; Carl R. Trueman. Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2019.
• Political Revolution in the Reformed Tradition: A Historical and Biblical Critique. Samuel E. Waldron. Conway, AR: Free Grace Press, 2022.
  
  Denominational Resources
• 2021 Directory of the United Reformed Churches in North America
• A Ministerial Register of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, 1936-2021. Hank L. Belfield, Stated Clerk; Linda Foh. Willow Grove, PA: Committee for the Historian of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, 2021.
  
  
  Reference
• Who’s Who in Christianity. Lavinia. Cohn-Sherbok. London; New York: Routledge, 1998.
• The Seminary Student Writes. Deborah. Core. St. Louis, MO: Chalice Press, c2000.